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GSM Architecture

Unknown WMC

Cell are formed by the radio areas covered by a BTS (Base Transceiver Station).Several BTSs are controlled by one BSC.Traffic from the MS (Mobile Station) is routed through MSC. Calls originating from or terminating in a fixed network or other mobile networks is handled by the GMSC (Gateway MSC).
v Home Location Register (HLR) in GSM
 It contains the following information:

Authentication information like International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI).

Identification information like name, address, etc. of the subscriber.

Identification information like Mobile Subscriber ISDN (MSISDN) etc.

Billing information like prepaid or postpaid.

Operator selected denial of service to a subscriber. Handling of supplementary services like for CFU (Call Forwarding Unconditional), CFB (Call Forwarding Busy), CFNR (Call Forwarding Not Reachable) or CFNA (Call Forwarding Not Answered).

Storage of SMS Service Center (SC) number in case the mobile is not connectable so that whenever the mobile is connectable, a paging signal is sent to the SCM.

Information related to supplementary services for call routing. In GSM network, one can customize the personal profile to the extent that while the subscriber is roaming in a foreign PLMN, incoming calls can be barred. Also, outgoing international calls can be barred, etc.

Some variable information like pointer to the VLR, location area of the subscriber, Power OFF status of the handset, etc.

Entities in GSM

The Mobile Station (MS) - This includes the Mobile Equipment (ME) and the Subscriber Identity Module (SIM).The Base Station Subsystem (BSS).

This includes the Base Transceiver Station (BTS) and the Base Station Controller (BSC). The Network and Switching Subsystem (NSS) - This includes Mobile Switching Center (MSC), Home Location Register (HLR), Visitor Location Register (VLR), Equipment Identity Register (EIR), and the Authentication Center (AUC).